The Victorian era indicated the revolutionary advances made in arts and sciences, becoming the focal point of the world we view today. Doctors in this era transitioned from traditional and mysticism towards science-based approaches through the adaption of the germ theory of disease, which led to modern medicine and acted as a pioneer to epidemiology research. The education reforms in the era saw the British education population approaching universal literacy, which allowed a vast population to be educated. Due to a large literate population, towards the end of the Victorian era saw an increment of the well-educated population with the booming of all reading materials market upsurging. Politically, the agenda was liberal with various shifts in political social reforms, and the franchise increased. Demographic changes experienced in the Victorian era saw population increase, although Britain experienced a population decrease in 1901 due to emigration and the great famine. British relations in the Victorian era with other great powers were driven by antipathy with Russia, with international free trade maintained through industrial supremacy and the country’s naval. During the Victorian period, British embarked on its world expansion in Asia and Africa, making British the largest empire in the history of the world. The revolutionary transformations in the Victorian era resulted in too many changes in the world with birth. They spread political movements, most remarkably liberalism, organized feminism, and socialism. The Victorian era marked the resistance to the rationalism used to define the Georgian period, increasing acceptance of romanticism and mysticism regarding social values, arts, and religion. The era saw increased innovations that played a significant role in Britain's power and prosperity.

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